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  What it means

  Literally “by the distaff.” Refers to the female line of descent in a family.

  Vocabulary

  • kądziel — distaff (tool used in spinning)

  Grammar note

  'Po' + locative singular.

  Cultural context

  Historically, spinning was a female task, making the distaff the symbol of the maternal line (complementary to 'po mieczu').

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